Impressionism ended roughly around 1880. Impressionist artists include Monet, Manet, and Renoir and typically characterize paintings that look beautiful from afar, but look garbled and messy up close with harsh, broad brush strokes of paint. The focus was to capture the moment.
Since Early Modern art didn't begin until roughly 1910, the in-between period can be described in part as Post-Impressionism (which for anyone who knows anything about art... is not a real movement in art). During this time, painting starts turning from not only the fluidness of the impressionists... but it starts rendering the object in horizontal and vertical lines only, like blocks. This is the lead in to Early Modern Cubism. During this time, the focus was also about capturing a feeling or an emotion, in addition to the moment.
Paul Cezanne Mont Sainte-Vitoire, 1904
Paul Cezanne painted in the Impressionist style, but this later work shows a distinctive use of geometric horizontal and vertical lines leading to the evolution of Early Modern Cubism (Meggs).

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