Constructivism took a different approach to the social rebellion and needs of art. In contrast to Suprematism, Alexander Rodchenko devoted himself to industrial design, visual communications and applied arts servicing the new communist society. He implored other artists to stop making art for art's sake. The 3 main principles in constructivism are tectonics, texture, and construction. Rodchenko abandoned painting and turned to visual communication because his social views called for a sense of responsibility to society instead of to personal expression. His work featured orderliness and commanded attention, giving rise to graphic design as we know it today.
El Lissitsky felt similarly to Rodchenko and used this idealism of art to promote social justice creating an emphasis on graphic design and mass communication instead of art for personal aesthetic. This movement emphasizes use of white space, overlapping color, and sans serif typography (Kaiser).
Gustav Klutsis is the master of propaganda photomontage, often compared to John Heartfield’s work. He was convinced photomontage was the medium of the future and all other forms of realism would be obsolete… like John Heartfield, he created essentially the Adobe Photoshop of the Early Modern art. He most likely knew of Heartfield’s work. Though he and his work supported Stalin and Communism, Stalin prefered social-realist painting & did away with all early modern aesthetic during his reign. Klutsis was arrested and he died in a labor camp in 1944 (Meggs).
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